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1.
Journal of Integrative Medicine ; (12): 205-214, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-971654

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms associated with autistic spectrum disorder. The essential oil of Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson, usually known as ylang-ylang oil (YYO), is often used in aromatherapy as a mood-regulating agent, sedative, or hypotensive agent. In the present study, the effects and mechanisms of YYO in alleviating anxiety, social and cognitive behaviors in autism-like rats were investigated.@*METHODS@#The prenatal valproic acid (VPA) model was used to induce autism-like behaviors in offspring rats. The effectiveness of prenatal sodium valproate treatment (600 mg/kg) on offspring was shown by postnatal growth observation, and negative geotaxis, olfactory discrimination and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. Then three treatment groups were formed with varying exposure to atomized YYO to explore the effects of YYO on the anxiety, social and cognitive behaviors of the autistic-like offspring through the elevated plus-maze test, three-chamber social test, and MWM test. Finally, the monoamine neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine and their metabolites, in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the rats were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography.@*RESULTS@#Offspring of VPA exposure rats showed autism-like behaviors. In the VPA offspring, medium-dose YYO exposure significantly elevated the time and entries into the open arms in the elevated plus-maze test, while low-dose YYO exposure significantly enhanced the social interaction time with the stranger rat in session 1 of the three-chamber social test. VPA offspring treated with YYO exposure used less time to reach the platform in the navigation test of the MWM test. YYO exposure significantly elevated the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the PFC of VPA offspring.@*CONCLUSION@#YYO exposure showed the effects in alleviating anxiety and improving cognitive and social abilities in the offspring of VPA exposure rats. The role of YYO was related to the regulation of the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine. Please cite this article as: Zhang N, Wang ST, Yao L. Inhalation of Cananga odorata essential oil relieves anxiety behaviors in autism-like rats via regulation of serotonin and dopamine metabolism. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(2): 205-214.


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Female , Rats , Animals , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use , Serotonin/metabolism , Cananga/metabolism , Dopamine , Anxiety/drug therapy , Valproic Acid/pharmacology , Plant Oils , Disease Models, Animal
2.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 26(3): 458-469, set-dez. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1399130

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This study aimed to make a bibliographic update on the already published data on bumetanide, addressing the main information on its use in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Methods: This was an integrative narrative review in which the following databases were used: Web of Science, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Scielo. The descriptors used were: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Autistic Disorder and Bumetanide. It was considered only articles published in English and French. Original articles, randomized clinical trials, case reports, and review articles were included. Results: The results show that the use of bumetanide alters regions of the brain linked to the positive development of language, improvement of visual contact, improvement in social interactions, among others. Studies are also concerned about the safety and efficacy of bumetanide in ASD since several adverse effects have been reported. The most frequent were hypokalemia, polyuria, and loss of appetite. Conclusion: Bumetanide has proven as effective in improving some important symptoms in ASD, especially linked to language and social interaction, however, studies with larger groups of patients and with longer treatment and observation time are needed to confirm the efficacy and clarify the safety profile in use for people with ASD.


Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma atualização bibliográfica sobre os dados já publicados da bumetanida, abordando as principais informações sobre seu uso no Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão do tipo narrativa integrativa, da qual foram utilizadas as bases de dados: Web of Science, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect e Scielo, com a utilização dos seguintes descritores: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Autistic Disorder e Bumetanide. Foram considerados apenas artigos publicados nas línguas inglesa e francesa. Foram incluídos artigos originais, ensaios clínicos randomizados e relatos de caso. Foram excluídos artigos de revisão. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o uso da bumetanida altera regiões do cérebro ligadas ao desenvolvimento positivo da linguagem, melhora do contato visual, melhora nas interações sociais, entre outros. Os estudos também se preocupam em relacionar a segurança e a eficácia da bumetanida no TEA, do qual foram relatados diversos efeitos adversos, sendo os mais frequentes a hipocalemia, a poliúria e a perda de apetite. Conclusão: A bumetanida mostrou ser eficaz na melhoria de alguns importantes sintomas no TEA, especialmente ligados à linguagem e interação social, entretanto, estudos com grupos maiores de pacientes e com maior tempo de tratamento e observação são necessários para confirmar a eficácia e esclarecer o perfil de segurança no uso para pessoas com TEA.


: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una actualización bibliográfica sobre los datos ya publicados sobre la bumetanida, abordando la principal información sobre su uso en el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Métodos: Se trata de una revisión narrativa integradora en la que se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos: Web of Science, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect y Scielo. Los descriptores utilizados fueron: Trastorno del Espectro Autista, Trastorno Autista y Bumetanida. Se consideraron sólo los artículos publicados en inglés y francés. Se incluyeron artículos originales, ensayos clínicos aleatorios, informes de casos y artículos de revisión. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que el uso de la bumetanida altera regiones del cerebro relacionadas con el desarrollo positivo del lenguaje, la mejora del contacto visual, la mejora de las interacciones sociales, entre otros. Los estudios también se preocupan por la seguridad y eficacia de la bumetanida en el TEA, ya que se han reportado varios efectos adversos. Los más frecuentes fueron la hipocalemia, la poliuria y la pérdida de apetito. Conclusiones: La bumetanida ha demostrado ser eficaz en la mejora de algunos síntomas importantes en el TEA, especialmente vinculados al lenguaje y la interacción social, sin embargo, se necesitan estudios con grupos más grandes de pacientes y con mayor tiempo de tratamiento y observación para confirmar la eficacia y aclarar el perfil de seguridad en el uso para personas con TEA.


Subject(s)
Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Bumetanide/adverse effects , Bumetanide/pharmacology , Autism Spectrum Disorder/drug therapy , Appetite Depressants/antagonists & inhibitors , Polyuria , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Social Interaction/drug effects , Language Development
3.
Vínculo ; 19(2): 222-231, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1442848

ABSTRACT

O trabalho demonstra a necessidade de discussão do diagnóstico do autismo. Após o DSM- IV os códigos de doenças anularam a complexidade de um diagnóstico apelando para a simplificação e os conteúdos psicanalíticos foram excluídos. Diversos transtornos mentais foram inclusos sob o espectro autista o que discordamos a partir da experiência clínica de quarenta e dois anos. Cem pessoas foram analisadas com base no diagnóstico de autismo vindo de médico neurologista ou psiquiatra. Baseado na metodologia sistêmica holofasmática buscou-se o perfil dimensional do ser em suas dimensões construídas na malha existencial. Na ausência da leitura psicanalítica enquadramos funcionalmente o homem e esquecemos que desejos, relações e linguagens são partes constitutivas desta subjetividade trançada nos vínculos parentais e sociais. A análise destes diagnósticos confirma a abordagem simplista e mostra que em oitenta e nove por cento dos casos a pessoa não é portadora do espectro autista, mas sim de desordens no desenvolvimento neuropsíquico com estruturação de personalidade do tipo psicótica. O perigo está na abordagem do tratamento que finita o alcance de possibilidades de ressignificação de vínculos, posturas e de aprendizagem.


the paper demonstrates the need for discussion of the diagnosis of autism. After DSM- IV, the disease codes nullified the complexity of a diagnosis by appealing to simplification and the psychoanalytic contents were excluded. Several mental disorders were included under the autistic spectrum which we disagree with from forty-one years of clinical experience. One hundred people were analyzed based on a diagnosis of autism from a neurologist. Based on the holofasmic systemic methodology, we sought the dimensional profile of the being in its dimensions built in the existential mesh. In the absence of a psychoanalytic reading, we frame man functionally and forget that desires, relationships, and languages are constitutive parts of this subjectivity braided in parental and social bonds. The analysis of these diagnoses confirms the simplistic approach and shows that in 89 percent of the cases the person does not have autistic spectrum disorder, but neuropsychic development disorders with psychotic personality structure. The danger lies in the treatment approach, which limits the scope of possibilities of re-signifying bonds, attitudes, and learning.


El trabajo demuestra la necesidad de discutir el diagnóstico del autismo. Después del DSM-IV, los códigos de enfermedad anularon la complejidad de un diagnóstico apelando a la simplificación y excluyendo los contenidos psicoanalíticos. Varios trastornos mentales se incluyeron en el espectro autista, con lo que no estamos de acuerdo en base a cuarenta y un años de experiencia clínica. Cien personas fueron analizadas en base al diagnóstico de autismo proveniente de un neurólogo. Con base en la metodología sistémica holofasmática se buscó el perfil dimensional del ser en sus dimensiones construidas en la malla existencial. En ausencia de lectura psicoanalítica, enmarcamos funcionalmente al hombre y olvidamos que los deseos, las relaciones y los lenguajes son partes constitutivas de esta subjetividad tejida en los lazos parentales y sociales. El análisis de estos diagnósticos confirma el enfoque simplista y muestra que en el 89% de los casos la persona no es portadora del espectro autista, sino de trastornos en el desarrollo neuropsíquico con estructuración de personalidad de tipo psicótico. El peligro está en el abordaje del tratamiento que limita el alcance de posibilidades de resignificación de vínculos, posturas y aprendizajes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Neuropsychology
4.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 97(1): 22-29, Jan.-Feb. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154718

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To describe the effect of prednisolone on language in children with autism spectrum disorder. This study is based upon two hypotheses: autism etiology may be closely related to neuroinflammation; and, an effective treatment should restore the individual's language skills. Method: This is a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, carried out in a federal university hospital. The initial patient sample consisted of 40 subjects, which were randomized into two parallel groups. Inclusion criteria were: male gender, 3-7 years of age, and meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 4th edition (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria. The final sample consisted of 38 patients, of whom 20 were randomized to the placebo group and 18 to the active group. The latter received prednisolone for 24 weeks, at an initial dose of 1 mg/kg/day and a tapering dose from the ninth week onward. Language was measured on four occasions over a 12-month period by applying two Brazilian tools: the Language Development Assessment (ADL) and the Child Language Test in Phonology, Vocabulary, Fluency, and Pragmatics (ABFW). Results: The side effects were mild: two patients had hypertension, five had hyperglycemia, and two had varicella. Prednisolone increased the global ADL score in children younger than 5 years of age who had developmental regression (p = 0.0057). The ABFW's total of communicative acts also responded favorably in those participants with regression (p = 0.054). The ABFW's total of vocal acts showed the most significant results, especially in children younger than 5 years (p = 0.004, power = 0.913). Conclusions: The benefit of prednisolone for language scores was more evident in participants who were younger than five years, with a history of developmental regression, but the trial's low dose may have limited this benefit. The observed side effects do not contraindicate corticosteroid use in autism.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Autistic Disorder/complications , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications , Autism Spectrum Disorder/drug therapy , Brazil , Prednisolone , Prospective Studies
6.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1392135

ABSTRACT

Dentro de la psiquiatría infantil, una de las patologías que genera más interrogantes y desafíos son los trastornos del espectro autista. El mundo de los niños y adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es todavía un enigma, distinto de los demás y con problemas en su comunicación y relaciones interpersonales de variada severidad. A través de los años, no solamente se ha podido avanzar en los factores etiológicos, patologías asociadas y definir el trastorno como espectro, más que un solo síndrome; sino que además han existido muchísimos avances sobre las intervenciones terapéuticas y sus niveles de evidencia en cuanto a su eficacia. En el presente trabajo se revisan brevemente factores etiológicos del trastorno del espectro autista, su definición y las intervenciones más utilizadas hoy en día, describiéndose las principales características y su nivel de evidencia.


In child and adolescent psychiatry, one of the most intriguing and challenging disorders is the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The world of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is still an enigma, very different from the others and with hard problems in communicating and social interacting. Through the years, not only has there been more understanding of the etiology factors, diseases associated with the syndrome and the definition of a spectrum more than just one syndrome. There also have been many advances regarding therapeutic interventions and their level of evidence. In the current paper we briefly review the etiology factors of autism spectrum disorder, its current definition and the most utilized interventions, describing their characteristics and their level of evidence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Autistic Disorder/therapy , Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Autistic Disorder/etiology , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use , Interpersonal Relations
7.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-18419

ABSTRACT

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) tend to desensitize/internalize when exposed to excess agonist.Previously, we have supported the argument that in the case of the oxytocin receptor (OTR), excess agonist (oxytocin, OT) at birth could be implicated with behavioural disorders of the autistic spectrum. In this review, more recent evidence for this hypothesis is summarized, and it is juxtaposed against reports where exogenous OT was found beneficial in alleviating certain undesired behaviours. Facing this dichotomy, we suggest possible in silico drug discovery approaches to mitigate undesired side effect of OT administration/OTR desensitization, especially in the light of potentially emerging agonist therapies. For this, the most important structural features of OTR are reviewed, and we highlight here the need for higher level of theory studies at the easier approachable extracellular receptor side, where loop 3(e3) and the N-terminated strain of OTR appear to offer targets of particular interest for the development of an agent that conditions the action of excess OT. Another approach, based on the development of new agonists with an improved receptor activation to receptor phosphorylation ratio, is also discussed. Finally, the issue of OTR desensitization is put into the broader context of GPCR desensitization and possible implications for behavioural disorders, and the case is made for the usefulness of computational studies in this area.


Subject(s)
Animals , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Humans , Oxytocin/pharmacology , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology , Receptors, Oxytocin/chemistry
8.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 28(supl.1): s39-s46, maio 2006. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-429858

ABSTRACT

O transtorno autista e o grupo de condições relacionadas definidas como transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento são transtornos de neurodesenvolvimento crônicos que começam na infância precoce e afetam um número significativo de crianças e suas famílias. Ainda que as causas e muito da fisiopatologia do transtorno sejam desconhecidas, em anos recentes, vários tratamentos medicamentosos disponíveis têm sido identificados como contendo a promessa de aliviar alguns dos comportamentos mal-adaptativos mais comprometedores associados aos transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento. No entanto, esses tratamentos não enfocam os sintomas nucleares da enfermidade e, geralmente, seus efeitos colaterais excedem os benefícios. Portanto, há uma necessidade substancial de novas medicações que sejam mais seguras e mais eficazes em tratar os sintomas comportamentais do autismo. O objetivo desta revisão é o de destacar as farmacoterapias correntes disponíveis e aquelas emergentes e que tenham potencial de melhorar as opções de tratamento de pacientes com transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Clinical Trials as Topic , Clozapine/therapeutic use , Placebos , Risperidone/therapeutic use
10.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 43(1): 51-60, 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-498175

ABSTRACT

Los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) agrupan diversos cuadros clínicos que se caracterizan por presentar alteraciones del desarrollo con deficiencias en las áreas de comunicación, conducta e interacción social. Su prevalencia ha presentado un importante aumento desde 4 a 5 por 10.000 hasta 10 por 10.000 niños. Las manifestaciones clínicas son características según cada etapa evolutiva y, tanto la adaptabilidad al medio, como el pronóstico final van a depender del desarrollo intelectual alcanzado y de la rehabilitación psicosocial temprana. El pronóstico de vida es igual al de la población general y los autistas adultos presentan generalmente cuadros de agitación psicomotora y de adaptación, tanto depresivos como ansiosos. El origen de las TEA es neurobiológico, se remonta a etapas tempranas del desarrollo fetal o infantil y está relacionado con factores genéticos complejos. El abordaje psicofarmacológico es inespecífico y va dirigido a corregir las alteraciones conductuales que priman en cada caso.


Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are severe developmental diseases marked by significant impairment in social, behavioral, and communicative functioning. Their prevalence has increased from earlier estimates of 4 to 5 per 10.000 to about 10 per 10.000. Symptoms are age specific. Intellectual development and early psychosocial rehabilitation are the most important prognostic factors. Life expectancy is similar to that of the general population. In adult life, comorbidity with anxiety disorders or depression and aggression toward self and others may appear. The assumption is that ASDs are of neurobiological origin beginning before birth or in very early child development and involve complex genetic factors. The psychopharmacotherapy of autistic disorders involves treating behavioral symptoms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Neurobiology , Prognosis , Psychopharmacology
11.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 31(3): 219-224, sept. 2002. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-354648

ABSTRACT

Las conductas hetero y autoagresivas en pacientes con autismo pueden ser refractarias a los medicamentos comúnmente empleados; sin embargo, la adenosina, purina neuromoduladora, ha demostrado ser una sustancia con propiedades antíagresivas dentro de modelos animales. Las vías de purinas se encuentran modificadas en ciertas patologías que presentan automutilaciones. El alopurinol aumentaría de forma indirecta las concentraciones de adenosina, por lo cual sería efectiva en el manejo de la agresión. En consecuencia, la población de pacientes autistas con dichos comportamientos lesivos podría tener mejoría con este medicamento antigotoso


Subject(s)
Aggression/psychology , Autistic Disorder/complications , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy
12.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2001 May; 68(5): 427-31
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-78559

ABSTRACT

There are no aetiologically-based treatments available to cure autism. Though psychotropics have a role in the management of some symptoms of autism, clinical trial evidence for the use of psychotropics is in its infancy and needs close monitoring. About half of the subjects with high functioning pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) are currently reported to be on psychotropics (anti-depressants, stimulants and antipsychotics), with many of them being on anti-epileptic medication simultaneously. Despite this high level of psychotropic use, few studies exist investigating the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics or side-effect profiles in this population. Multiprofessional and parent partnership is essential in managing autism and psychopharmacology should be used in conjunction with environmental manipulation, educational modification and/or behavioral management strategies. A symptomatic approach to managing the difficult behaviours associated with autism is recommended. Some symptoms of autism may be medication responsive (hyperactivity, obsessions, rituals, inattention, tics, etc), while other symptoms may be responsive to behavioural interventions, but may require medication (aggression, anxiety, depression, impulsivity, sleep difficulties, etc), and symptoms which need specific skill remediation are usually non-responsive to medication (deficits in academic, social or sport domains). The new atypical antipsychotics (such as risperidone, olanzapine, amisulpiride, quetiapine) and SSRIs are increasingly being used in autism, with encouraging results, but a risk-benefit ratio of pharmacotherapy is essential with due weight being given to the side-effects of medication. Despite symptomatic improvement with medication, one should remain cautious about long-term use of psychotropics. It is also important to recognize that psychotropics can sometimes worsen behaviour, and can produce iatrogenic symptoms. Certain anti-epileptic medication and psychotropic drugs are metabolized by the same cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in the liver. In such circumstances, the addition of a psychotropic agent may drastically alter the levels of the anti-epileptic medication and vice versa. It is suggested that specialist clinics should be involved when one is considering complex medication regimes, experimental drugs, polypharmacy, or if patients show unusual side-effects or is drug resistant.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Child , Humans , Polypharmacy , Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosage
13.
Pediatr. mod ; 36(5): 296-: 298-: 300-296, 298, 301, maio 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-339436

ABSTRACT

Os autores descrevem o trabalho que vem sendo desenvolvido junto ao ambulatório de Psiquiatria Infantil do Hospital das Clínicas da FMRP-USP, no atendimento de crianças com diferentes psicopatologias através de uma abordagem psicofarmacoterápica, com o objetivo de aliviar os sintomas e sinais apresentados pelo paciente, podendo estar associada ou näo a outras abordagens terapêuticas, como psicoterapia e orientaçäo familiar. O tratamento é iniciado após rigorosa avaliaçäo clínica dos casos e concordância do paciente e responsáveis. Os psicofármacos utilizados säo respaldados por dados de literatura especializada e foram aprovados para o uso em crianças.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Anxiety Disorders , Psychopharmacology , Mood Disorders , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Schizophrenia , Sleep Wake Disorders , Feeding and Eating Disorders/drug therapy , Eating , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
14.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 44(12): 649-54, dez. 1995.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-166876

ABSTRACT

Os autores abordam alguns dos principais aspectos clínicos relacionados ao autismo infantil, enfatizando o quadro clínico, desde as primeiras mudanças de comportamento na mais tenra idade até o adolescente autista. Este artigo faz também uma revisåo dos principais diagnósticos diferenciais, bem como descreve as mais importantes modalidades de tratamento utilizadas atualmente. Apesar dos progressos alcançados em relaçåo a uma melhor conceituaçåo diagnóstica e indicaçåo do tratamento farmacológico, muitas questöes continuam sem respostas. Os fatores etiológicos såo desconhecidos e as teorias psicodinâmicas e parentais para explicar o autismo têm sido contestadas em inúmeros estudos. Atualmente é aceita a possibilidade de que múltiplas agressöes ao sistema nervoso central podem levar à síndrome chamada autismo


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Autistic Disorder/diagnosis , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Autistic Disorder/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Psychotherapy , Intellectual Disability , Language Disorders , Schizoid Personality Disorder , Schizophrenia , Speech
15.
Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul ; 17(1): 38-45, jan.-abr. 1995.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-156957

ABSTRACT

A farmacoterapia está sendo estudada sistematicamente para o tratamento de crianças e adolescentes com psicopatologias variadas. Tem se mostrado como um instrumento importante para auxiliar estas crianças, junto com outras modalidades de tratamento. Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar os medicamentos usados para diferentes patologias, utilizando a nomenclatura do DSM-IV com o código equivalente do CID-10


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Sleep Wake Disorders/drug therapy , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Child Behavior Disorders/drug therapy , Enuresis/drug therapy , Intellectual Disability/drug therapy , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/drug therapy , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Affective Disorders, Psychotic/drug therapy , Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosage , Psychotropic Drugs/adverse effects
16.
In. Assumpçäo Junior, Francisco B. Psiquiatria da infância e da adolescência. Säo Paulo, Santos, 1994. p.157-70, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-200581
17.
Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul ; 8(1): 12-6, abr. 1986.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-37490

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de uma revisäo da literatura, visando determinar a validade do uso da farmacoterapia na síndrome de autismo. É avaliada também a metodologia clínica dos trabalhos originais sobre o assunto, na tentativa de se exprimir um posicionamento bem próximo da verdade atual sobre farmacoterapia nesta síndrome. Os diferentes autores propöem a utilizaçäo de diversos fármacos (triiodotironina, piridoxina, sulpiride, drogas antipsicóticas e fenfluramine) no autismo. Entretanto, somente o haloperidol demonstrou efetivamente em estudes clínicos bem conduzidos; sendo que sua eficácia restringe-se à diminuiçäo de sintomas alvo, especialmente isolamento e estereotipias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Autistic Disorder/drug therapy , Pyridoxine/therapeutic use , Sulpiride/therapeutic use , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Triiodothyronine/therapeutic use , Fenfluramine/therapeutic use
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